Hammer-mill rotor



May 6,1930;l

A. DELLNGER HAMMER MILL RoToRl Filed Oct- 29, 1928 0&1

Patented May 6, 1930 entren -NsrATeEs ?ATENT `OFFICE .ABRAHAM M. DELLINGER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA `HAMIVIEE:Et-lVIIILlII KOTOR Application led October 29, 1928.

erally and theirstems, vines etc. and hay for preparing ground feeds, ensilage .and the like for stock, poultry etc. and .for similar grinding fpurposes generally.

The primary objects ofthe present invention are, to providea simple,^quickly assembled, and positive means for locking the supporting hammerspacing discs in proper relation to each otherand prevent their workingloose during operation'yto'providea constructionwhereinthe said discs are `positively locked against peripheral `movement relative ato the `shaftiof the rotor; to provide a locking meansthrusting in an axial direction against said supporting discs and itself held by said axial thrust against vrelative movement in a Aperipheral direction relative to the shaft; to avoid the actionofall peripheral creeping action of the discs on the locking means; to provide supplementary adjustable rotary means for adjusting .the axial relation ofithe discs of the gang of supporting discs vwith relation to each other while protecting said supplemental means against allV peripheral creeping action ofsaid discs with relation to the shaft and said supplemental means; to provide a very compact,

eiiicient, quickly assembled positively locked rotor construction without interfering with the ease of insertion, adjustment or remov-al-of the individual relatively-swinging hammers carried in a rotary path .by said rotor; itc .provide` a construction wherein l the expensive operations of successively turning down the shaftto provide an endstop shoulder, a smaller disc carrying portion, asmaller threadedportion forthelocking nuts etc. are avoided; to provide a construction wherein the shaft and stop-collarsior stop collar and locking means are `made asseparate parts, but as assembled the collars are positively interlocked with integral projecting parts ofthe shaft in such manner -asitoipre vent all relativeturning movement `between said parts; and to provide a rotor economical of manufacture and ,peculiarly lending Serial No. 315,816.

itself to manufacture on a largeproduction basis, all as hereinafter more particularlyset forth, described and claimed.

In this application I show and describe only the preferred embodimentlof mylinvention simply by way of `illustration of the practice of my invention as by law-required. However, I realize that my said `invention is capable of other and difl'erentcmbodiments and that the various details ithereof may be l modified .in different ways. Therefore, the drawing .and description `herein are to be considered asmerely illustrative and notl as exclusive.

In the accompanyingdrawing:

AFigure l `represents a longitudinal central-sectional view through a rotor embody ing my invention, .the shaft thereof being shown in elevation;

Figure 2, a sectional viewon the line 2--2 of Fig. `l, looking in the directionlol the arrows, the enddisc @being `broken away;

Figure 3, a fragmentary detail perspective View of one end portion of lthe shaft showing the locking collar `3 in the f course of `being applied thereto;

Figure l, a sectional view on thelline 4-#1 of Fig. 2;.and

Fignre, a sectional view ontheline 5-5 of Fig. l, the disc-4 through `,which it is 4in part taken beingbroken away.

Referring now indetail to the drawings, 1 designates the usual cylindrical end pdr tions of therotor shaft, which is formed with a `long rmedial portion 5 `angular in cross section, lbeing'preferably square as shown, and being of suitable length to reccivctho hammer spacing discs l with theiriintcrven ing spacing and clamping collars 6,:the total length ofthe combined `thicknesses of said discs 4 and spacing: collars dinterposed between itheln ybeing preferably substantially equal to, or fslightlyin :excess of the length of said angular portion 5 and composingthe operative hammer `grinding portion of the rotor which may be-made in diilerent lengths to suit different sizes ofmills and Aoperatire power lplants i therefor.

Between the respective cylindrical lend portions 1 and `theadjacem; ,end portions respectively of the angular portion 5 an angular flange 3 or equivalent having sharp angular portions a or radial projections is pro-V vided, the inner faces of each of the flanges 3, that, is the faces thereof presented toward the portion 5, or of the projections a maliing up the same, all lying preferably substantially in the same plane perpendicular to, and transversely7 of, the axis of portion 5, said flanges 3 respectively being spaced from the respective ends of the portion 5 by cylindrical portions 7 respectively, said sections 7 preferably being of the lsaine diameter as the cylindrical end portions 1. The flanges 1 or the abrupt radial projections a thereof or equivalents, will preferably be integral with the shaft portion 5, as will preferably also the end portions 1 and cylindrical portions 7.V However, it is not essential that the flanges 1 or abrupt projections a thereof, or equivalents shall be integral with shaft portions 1, 7 aiid, and they may be constructed otherwise. Y

ln practice the shaft comprised of the por tions 1, 3, 5 and 7 will usually and preferably be produced by taking a piece of steel angular in cross-section, preferably square, and of the proper length and cross-sectional size, turning down its end portions to form the cylindrical portions 1, smoothing up the faces of the intervening portion as may be necessary or as may be preferred, and then turning down portions respectively adjacent the respective ends of the remaining square portion, so as to forni the cylindrical portions 7 respectively between the respective ends of angular Vportion 5 and the respective flanges 3.V

Preferably, as shown, the cylindrical portions 7 will be of the same diameter and axial length to form annular grooves of the same width, in an axial direct-ion, between the respective flanges 3 and the respective adjacent ends of the medial angular portion 5.

Y Two collars 9 and 9 respectively are applied to the respective ends of the shaft and moved axially thereof toward the respective flanges 3 and over said flanges 3 into the annular grooves between said flanges 3 respectively and the respective adjacent ends of the angular portion 5 so as to extend about the cylindrical portions 7 respectively. Said col-I lars 9 and 9 will be respectively of such thickness as to make atight fit in said grooves between the opposed faces of the respective flanges 3 and adjacent ends of the angular portion 5 to such extent preferably that some appreciable twisting force is necessary to partially turn said collars about the axisV slip overthe respective flanges 3. The said.

axially of their respective collars, and being of such size and shape as to receive their re spective cooperating radially extending angular projections a of their respective flanges 3.

The discs 4 and the collars or spacing elements or rings 6 will have central openings corresponding in shape to the cross-sectional shape of the portion 5 and of such size as to maire a snug fit thereon, as shown in Figure 5, though it is not essential that the spacing elements or blocks 6 shall have such angular central openings, though it is preferable.

The discs 4 will be perforated at intervals in a peripheral direction and as assembled will have their perforations in axial alignnient to receive a plurality of axially extending pins or tie rods 3 secured in positionf by ineans of Cotter pins or other suitable means 10 passing through their respective end portions beyond the respective end discs 4, said pins 8 passing through and serving to pivotally mount one or more hammers each between a pair of discs 4, said hammers 12 respectively being of the saine thickness preferably as the spacing elements 6 and being mounted one or more on each of the tie-rods or pins 8 and being disposed at different points axially and peripherally of the assembled discs,.the relative arrangement of said hammers 12 being as may be desired and in accordance with the usual practice in the art, the said` hammers being free to swing about said pins o r tie rods on coming into contact with some object `fed into the rotor, all as usual. l

To assemble, the thrust or adjusting or locking screws 11 will be turned into their respective bores in locking collar 9 and loclr- Y ing nuts 13 will be turned on their inner ends respectively, but not into locking engagement with the opposed inner face of the tween its cooperating flange 3 and the adjaf cent end of angular portion 5, when it will be partially rotated until its recesses b are in` axial registry with the projections a of said flange 3, when it willbe moved in the reverse axial direction until the opposed axial faces 'l of said projections a of said flange 3 arein engagement with the axial walls respectively of said recesses b of said collar 9, when said projections a will preferably be welded in said recesses b, thus making said collar 9 operatively integral with the shaft.

The discs 4 with their spacing elements 6 are then alternately applied over the other endportion of the shaft and moved to the angular portion 5 thereof and when all of said discs and spacing elements have been thus applied, the locking collar 9 is moved into proper position, in the manner described with relation to collar9, partially rotated until its recesses 'b are in axial alignment with thecorresponding projections a of its flange 3 and then moved in the reverse axial direction so that its said recesses Z; respectively receive the respective cooperating projections a of its `cooperating flange 3, when the said screws 11 will be screwed in to bear against the adjacent end ofthe gang of discs 4 and spacing blocks 6 to force the same in an axial direction tightly together in opposition to t-he collar 9 and to force the collar 9 axially in thereverse direction to force the recesses b of its collar 9 completely on the respective projectionsa in an axial direction and to take up all slack, and when said screws 11 have thus ,been properly adjusted the respective locking nuts I3 will be turned up on said screws 11 respectively into tight locking engagement with the opposed face of said collar 9, when the assembling operation will be complete. If at `any time due to use the parts loosen up a little, due topossible wear, so that there is end play of the discs 4 this may be taken up byiloosening the nuts 13 and properly readjusting the screws i 1l, and there^fter turning the nuts 13 to lock their respective screws 11 in `such adjusted positions, and to facilitate such adjustment of the screws 11 they may be formed with angular sockets in' their outer ends to receive an angularly headed wrench such as now weil known. Y

Any suitable material may be used for any part, though I prefer to use malleable iron castings for the collars 9 and 9 and sheet metal stampings for the discs 4 and while it is preferred that the collar 9shall be welded to the flange 3 cooperating with it, this is not essential as by the thrust of the screws 11 on the other end of the gang of discs 4 and elements 6 the collar 9 would be forced axially with relation to the cooperating flange 3 so as to retain the projections of j said ilangein the corresponding recesses Y) of aid collar 9, thus eii'ectually preventing partial rotary relative movement such as would be necessary before there could be anyrelative axial movement between the collar 9 and the shafirl l Havingthus described my invention, what Isclaimasnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a rotary shaft having a medial portion non-circular in cross-section, and two radially extending portions respectively axially spaced rom the respective end portions of said medial portion, in combination with a plurality of discs, means extending through said discs for pivotally mounting the usual hammers, and retaining means respectively `litting between the respective radially extending portions and the respective adjacent end portions of said medial portion and respectively in interlocking enga-gement with their said radially.7 extending portions, ,said retaining means betweenthem conning said discs to the medial portion of the shaft, said discs respectively having central openings corresponding in shape and to the cross-sectional shape and size of said shaft medial portion and making a tioht snug fit thereon.

9. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a rotary shaft having a medial portion non-circular in cross-section, and two radially extending portions equidistantly axially spaced from the respective end portions of said medial portion, in combination with a plurality of discs, means extending through said discs for pivot-ally mounting the usiial hammers, and retaining means respectively fitting between the respectively radially eti-Lending portions and the respective adjacent end portions of said medial portion and respectively axially interlocking with their said radially extending portions to prevent rotary movement of said retaining means relative to their cooperating radially extending' portions, said retaining means between them confining said discs to the medial portion of the shaft, and said discs respectively having central openings corresponding in shape and size to the cross-sectional shape and size of said shaft medial portion and making a tight snug fit thereon.

3, A hammer-mill roto;l comprising a rotary shaft havinga medial portion and two flanges having abrupt radially extending faces, the respectiveopposed faces of which lie in the same transverse plane perpendicular to the axis of said shaft, said flanges respectively being spaced axially from the respective end portions of said medial portion and respectively separated therefronrby annule gi'rooves, in combination with a hammer-carrying unit mounted on said medial portion of Said `shaft and positively held thereon against relative rotary movement, closed retaining collars respectively having central openings corresponding in shape and size to their respective flanges and being of such thickness as to make a tight .fitin their respective grooves, said `retaining collars fitting in said grooves respectively and having` their outer faces respectively formed with radially Yelement in the reverse axial direction into disposed recesses having sharp abrupt radially and axially extending walls and corresponding in shape and sizeto, and snugly re-k ceiving, the respective radial projections of their respective cooperating flanges, and means mounted in one of said collars for axial adjustment to thrust against said hammer-carrying unit and with the same eooperating to force said collars in opposite axial directions and maintain said collars in vinterlocked relation with their respective flanges, preventing relative rotary movement etween said collars and their respective cooperating anges.

il. A hammer-mill rot-or comprising a rotary shaft having a medial portion non-circular in cross-section a radially extending stop adjacent one end or said medial portion and immovable relative thereto, and a flange adjacent the other end thereof and immovable with relation to said shaft, in combination with a plurality of spaced discs mounted on the medialk portion of said shaft and respete tively having central openings corresponding in shape and size to the cross-sectional shape and size of said medial portion of the shaft and making a tight fit thereon to prevent relative rotary motionV between said shaft and each of said discs, a closed collar having a central opening corresponding in size and shape to said flange and fitting between said flange and the opposed end of said plurality of discs, said collar being formed to axially overlap and interlock with said flange against relative rotary movement, and adjustable means carried by said collar and being adjustable to engage the adjacent end of said Vplurality of discs to force said discs axially toward each other and to force said discs as a unit axially against said stop and to force said collar in the reverse axial direction into full overlapping interlocking engagement with said flange.

5. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a rotary shaft having a medi-al portion non-cir cular in cross-section, a radially extending stop adjacent one end of said medial portion and operatively immovable with relation thereto, and a ange adjacent the other end thereof and operatively relatively'iiinnovable, in combination with a plurality of spaced discs mounted on the medial portion of said shaft and respectively having central openinos corresponding in size and shape to the cross-sectional size and shape of said'medial portion of said shaft and making a snug lit thereon, an element disposed about said shaft between said flange and medial portion and interlocking with said flange against rotary motion relative thereto, and adjustable means carried by saidelement and operable to force said plurality of discsV asa unit axially into tight engagement with said stop and said tightl interlocking engagement with said flange and to maintain said parts in such relation.y i

6. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a shaft having a medial portion non-circular in crosssection, and two flanges respectively equidistantly axially Vspaced by annular grooves respectively fromtherespective end portions of said medial portion, said medial portion'and said flanges beingv integral and said flanges being of the same cross-sectional size and shape as said medial portion, in combination with two closed collars respectively fitting in said grooves Vand having their axially outer faces recessed to partially receive said flanges in axially overlapping relation, said collars each having two abrupt axially extending excentric walls and an axially inner radially extending wall engaging correspondingly shaped faces on the respective flanges, a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft medial portion and respectively having central openings correspondi'nw in size and shape to the cross-sectional size and shape of said shaft medial portion and making a tight fit thereon, means interposed between said discs to together with said discs constitute a spaced disc hammer carrying unit, and adjustable means mounted in vone of said collars and bearing on the adjacent end of said built up hammer carrying unit and operable to, together with said unit, exert an axial thrust on said collars to hold them in interlocking engagement with their respective flanges.

7. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a shaft having a medial portion non-circular in crosssection, 'and two flanges respectively equidistantly axially spaced by annular grooves respectively from the respective end portions of said medial portion, said medial portion and said flanges being integral and said flanges being of the same cross-sectional size and shape as said medial portion, in combination with two closed collars respectively fitting in said grooves and having their axially outer faces partially recessed to partially receive said flanges inv axially overlapping relation, said collars each having two abrupt axially extending excentric walls and a radially extending axially inner wall, said walls engaging correspondingly shaped faces on the respective flanges, a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft medial portion and respectively having central openings of the same size and shape as the cross-sectional size and shape of said medial portion of said shaft to make a tight lit thereon, means interposed between said discs to together with said discs constitute a spaced-disc hammer-carrying unit, one of said collars being permanently rigidly connected with said shaft, and adjustable means mounted in the other of saidcollars and bearing onthe adjacent end of said unit and operable to force the discs and spacing means therefor axially into tight clamping relation and the unit as (itl a whole axially into tight engagement with said permanently mounted collar and to force the collar in which said adjustable means are mounted in the reverse axial direction into tight interlocking engagement with its flange.

8. A hammer-mill rotor comprising a shaft having a medial portion non-circular in cross-section, and two flanges respectively equidistantly axially spaced by annular grooves respectively from the respective end portions of said medial portion, said medial portion and said flanges being integral and said flanges being of the same cross-sectional size and shape as said medial portion, in combination with two closed collars respectively fitting in said grooves and having their axially outer faces recessed to partially receive said flanges in axially overlapping relation, said collars respectively having two abrupt axially extending excentric walls and an axially inner radially extending wall, said walls of the respective collars engaging cor responding faces of the respective flanges, a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft medial portion and respectively having central openings of the same size and shape as the cross-sectional size and shape of said medial portion of said shaft to make a tight fit thereon, means interposed between said discs to together with said discs constitute a spaced-disc hammer-carrying unit, one of said collars being welded to its cooperating flange, and axially adjustable screws working f in diametrically oppositely disposed inter nally screw-threaded axially extending bores in the other of said collars and individually adjustable therein to thrust against the adjacent end of said disc unit.

9. A hammenmill rotor comprising a shaft having a medial portion non-circular in crosssection, and two flanges respectively axially spaced by annular grooves respectiva ly from the respective end portions of said medial portion, said medial portion and said flanges being integral and said flanges being of the same cross-sectional size and shape as said medial portion, in combination with two closed collars respectively fitting in said grooves and having their axially outer faces recessed to partially receive said flanges in axially overlapping relation, said collars each having two abrupt axially extending excentric walls and an axially inner radially extending wall, said `walls of the respective collars engaging corresponding faces of the respective flanges, a plurality of discs mounted on said shaft medial portion and respectively having central openings of the same size and shape as the cross-sectional size and shape of said medial portion of said shaft to make a tight fit thereon, means interposed between said discs to together therewith constitute a spaced-disc hammercarrying unit, one of said collars being permanently rigidly connected to its cooperating flange, axially adjustable screws working in diametrically oppositely disposed axially extending bores in the other' of said collars and individually adjustable:

circular in cross-section, a radially extending stop adjacent one end of said medial portion and operatively immovable with relation thereto, and a flange adjacent the other end thereof and operatively relatively immovable, in combination with a plurality of spaced discs mounted on the medial portion of said shaft, a plurality of spacing blocks mounted on the medial portion of said shaft, said blocks and discs each having a central opening corresponding in size and shape to the cross-sectional shape of said medial por tion of the shaft and making a snug fit thereon, and said blocks and discs being arranged in alternation to together constitute a spaced-disc hammer-carrying unit, an element disposed about said shaft between said flange and the adjacent end of said unit and interlocking axially with said flange against rotary' motion relative thereto and means carried by said element and engaging the adjacent end of said unit at diametrically opposite points and operable to force said discs and blocks comprising said unit axially into tight clamping engagement and to force said unit as a whole axially into tight engagement with said stop and said element in the reverse axial direction into tight axially overlapping interlocking engagement with said flange and to maintain said parts in such relation.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification at Lancaster, Pennsylvania this 26th day of October, 1928.

ABRAHAM M. DELLINGER.

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